Georgia Constitution Art. IX Counties and Municipal Corporations
Georgia Constitution – Article IX: Counties and Municipal Corporations
📜 Overview:
Article IX of the Georgia Constitution establishes the structure, powers, and governance of counties and municipal corporations (cities and towns) within the state. It provides the legal framework for local government organization and authority.
🔹 Key Sections and Highlights:
Section I – General Provisions
Recognizes counties and municipal corporations as political subdivisions of the state.
Local governments have powers granted by the Constitution or by law.
Section II – County Organization and Powers
Counties are basic units of local government.
The General Assembly may create or consolidate counties.
Counties have authority over local matters such as:
Taxation
Public safety
Infrastructure
Health and welfare
Section III – Municipal Corporations
Municipalities are incorporated cities or towns with self-government powers.
Municipalities can adopt charters approved by the General Assembly or through home-rule.
Municipal powers typically include:
Enacting ordinances
Levying taxes and fees
Managing local services (police, fire, utilities)
Section IV – Local Government Home Rule
Provides for home rule powers to counties and municipalities.
Local governments may govern themselves in all matters not prohibited by the Constitution or state law.
Enables more local autonomy without requiring specific state approval for every action.
Section V – Limitations and Responsibilities
Counties and municipalities must operate within the limits of their constitutional and statutory authority.
Local governments are responsible for public services but may be subject to state oversight.
✅ Summary:
Article IX balances local autonomy with state oversight by defining the powers and organization of counties and municipalities in Georgia. It supports home rule, allowing local governments flexibility to manage their own affairs, while maintaining a framework for accountability.
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