Maryland Constitution Article VIII - Education
Maryland Constitution – Article VIII: Education
Article VIII of the Maryland Constitution focuses on the state’s duty to provide public education. Though it is brief, it establishes a fundamental legal obligation for the state regarding education.
Key Provisions of Article VIII:
Section 1 – General Statement of Educational Duty
"The General Assembly, at its first session after the adoption of this Constitution, shall by law establish throughout the State a thorough and efficient System of Free Public Schools; and shall provide by taxation, or otherwise, for their maintenance."
The General Assembly is required to establish a system of free public schools across the state.
The system must be “thorough and efficient”, ensuring equitable access to quality education for all children in Maryland.
Funding must be provided through taxation or other means to maintain these schools.
Section 2 – State Superintendent of Schools
"The General Assembly shall provide a uniform system of Free Public Schools; and shall provide for the maintenance and support of a thorough and efficient system of Public Schools throughout the State; and shall provide for the employment of qualified teachers."
Reiterates the duty to maintain a uniform and efficient school system.
Mandates the employment of qualified teachers.
Supports a statewide structure to ensure consistency and quality.
Significance of Article VIII:
Forms the constitutional foundation for Maryland’s public education system.
Has been used in legal challenges and policy debates concerning funding equity, school quality, and education reform.
Supports major state education initiatives like the Blueprint for Maryland’s Future (Kirwan Commission recommendations).
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