New Jersey Constitution Article III (Distribution of the Powers of Government)
New Jersey Constitution – Article III: Distribution of the Powers of Government
Overview:
Article III of the New Jersey Constitution sets forth the separation of powers among the three branches of government: Legislative, Executive, and Judicial. This article establishes the framework to ensure no single branch exercises powers belonging to another, maintaining a system of checks and balances.
Key Points:
Separation of Powers
The powers of government are divided into three distinct branches:
Legislative (law-making)
Executive (law-enforcing)
Judicial (law-interpreting)
No person or group may exercise the powers of more than one branch simultaneously, except as expressly permitted.
Legislative Powers
Vested in the Legislature, which is responsible for making laws.
The Legislature is composed of two houses: Senate and General Assembly.
Executive Powers
Vested in the Governor, who is responsible for executing laws and managing the state's executive branch.
Judicial Powers
Vested in the courts of law and equity.
Judges interpret and apply laws in individual cases.
Checks and Balances
Each branch has some level of control or oversight over the others to prevent abuses of power.
For example, the Governor can veto legislation; the Legislature confirms certain executive appointments; courts can rule laws unconstitutional.
Summary:
Article III is fundamental to New Jersey’s constitutional government. It:
Ensures a clear division of responsibilities.
Prevents concentration of power.
Upholds the principle of balance and accountability within government.
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