Constitutional Law at Cambodia
In Cambodia, Constitutional Law is based on the Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, which was promulgated on September 24, 1993, after decades of civil war and political instability. It re-established Cambodia as a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary democracy.
Here are the major highlights of Constitutional Law in Cambodia:
Supreme Law: The Constitution is the supreme law of Cambodia. All laws and actions by the government must align with it.
Form of Government: Cambodia is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system. The King is the Head of State but holds mainly ceremonial powers.
The King: The King reigns but does not govern. His role includes appointing the Prime Minister and participating in ceremonial duties.
Separation of Powers: Powers are divided among the Legislative, Executive, and Judiciary branches.
Fundamental Rights: The Constitution protects basic rights and freedoms, such as equality before the law, freedom of speech, religion, peaceful assembly, and the right to education and health.
Legislature: The Parliament consists of two houses:
The National Assembly (lower house)
The Senate (upper house)
Judiciary: The judiciary is supposed to be independent, and the Constitutional Council of Cambodia is responsible for ensuring laws conform to the Constitution.
Human Rights: Cambodia has incorporated international human rights standards into its Constitution.
Amendments: The Constitution has been amended several times, including controversial changes that strengthened the ruling party’s control.
Key constitutional institutions include:
The Constitutional Council (reviews constitutionality of laws)
The Supreme Council of the Magistracy (oversees the judiciary)
The Royal Government (Prime Minister and Council of Ministers)
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