Constitutional Law at Cape Verde
Of course! Here’s a clear and simple overview of Constitutional Law in Cape Verde:
1. Background
Cape Verde (Cabo Verde) is a small island country off the coast of West Africa.
It gained independence from Portugal in 1975.
Cape Verde adopted its first Constitution in 1980, but the current version (after major reforms) was adopted in 1992, with amendments later (especially in 1999 and 2010).
2. Nature of the Constitution
Cape Verde is a democratic republic.
The Constitution establishes a semi-presidential system:
There is both a President and a Prime Minister who share executive power.
The rule of law, pluralist democracy, respect for human rights, and separation of powers are fundamental principles.
3. Key Features of Constitutional Law:
Separation of Powers:
Executive: President (head of state) and Prime Minister (head of government).
Legislative: National Assembly (Assembleia Nacional) — a unicameral parliament.
Judicial: Independent judiciary, including a Supreme Court of Justice and a Constitutional Court.
Elections:
The President is elected by popular vote.
The National Assembly is also elected directly by the people.
Protection of Rights:
The Constitution protects a broad range of civil, political, social, and economic rights.
Rights include freedom of expression, freedom of religion, right to education, and equality before the law.
Judicial Review:
The Constitutional Court reviews the constitutionality of laws and protects citizens' constitutional rights.
Decentralization:
The Constitution encourages local self-government through municipalities.
International Relations:
Cape Verde’s Constitution promotes international cooperation, and the country is committed to international human rights treaties.
International treaties approved by Cape Verde become part of its internal legal order once ratified.
4. Recent Developments:
Cape Verde is often praised for its political stability, free elections, and respect for rule of law compared to many neighboring countries.
It continues to work on strengthening democratic institutions and protecting human rights.
Quick Summary:
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Type of Government | Semi-Presidential Republic |
| Main Constitution | 1992 (amended 1999, 2010) |
| Core Principles | Democracy, Human Rights, Rule of Law, Separation of Powers |
| Judiciary | Independent, with Constitutional Court |
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