IPC Section 62
🔹 IPC Section 62 – Definition of “Counterfeit”
Text of the Section:
"A thing is said to be 'counterfeit'—
First.—If it is made to resemble something else, intending that it shall be taken as that thing;
Secondly.—If it is made by a person who is not entitled to make it;
Thirdly.—If it is made without the consent of a person entitled to make it."
🔍 Explanation:
Section 62 defines the term “counterfeit”, which is used in various IPC sections related to forgery, fraud, and deception.
✅ In simpler terms:
Something is called counterfeit if:
It is made to look like something else, with the intention that people believe it is that other thing.
It is made by a person who does not have the right or authority to make it.
It is made without the permission or consent of the person who is legally allowed to make it.
📄 Breaking it down:
First part:
For example, a fake currency note is made to resemble a real currency note so that people accept it as genuine.
Second part:
If someone creates a document, seal, or mark without having the legal authority to do so, it is counterfeit.
Third part:
Even if a person is generally entitled to make a document or object, if they make it without permission from the rightful owner or authority, it is counterfeit.
⚖️ Why is this definition important?
This section lays down the basis to determine whether something is counterfeit.
It is used in connection with forgery laws (like Sections 463–471 IPC) where making or using counterfeit documents or objects is a crime.
It helps courts decide whether an item or document is genuine or fake, and whether someone intended to deceive others.
📌 Examples:
Counterfeit currency: Fake money designed to look like real currency.
Counterfeit documents: Fake passports, ID cards, or certificates made without authorization.
Counterfeit trademarks: Fake brand logos or labels made to look like genuine ones to mislead buyers.
🔐 Key takeaway:
“Counterfeit” means to copy or imitate something with the intention to deceive, made without authority or permission. This definition is fundamental in prosecuting forgery and fraud-related offenses.
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