IPC Section 486
π IPC Section 486 β Making or delivering a forged document with intent to cheat
This section deals with forgery with the intention to cheat someone, specifically when the forged document is made or delivered with the purpose of deceiving.
Exact Legal Provision
Section 486 states:
Whoever makes or delivers any document which he knows or has reason to believe to be forged, with the intent to cheat, shall be punished under this section.
Essential Ingredients
To attract IPC Section 486, the following elements must be present:
Document must be forged
Forged means a document created or altered dishonestly to appear genuine.
Example: Signing someone elseβs name without permission, altering a legal contract, or faking a financial document.
Knowledge or reason to believe
The person must know that the document is forged, or at least have reason to suspect that it is forged.
Intent to cheat
The forgery must be made with the purpose of deceiving someone to gain some advantage, or to cause loss/harm to another person.
Making or delivering
The offence is complete when the person makes the forged document or delivers it to another person.
Merely possessing a forged document is not enough under Section 486βitβs about creation or delivery with intent to cheat.
Punishment
Imprisonment up to 7 years, and
Fine (if the court deems fit).
This is more severe than simple forgery because the intent is specifically to cheat.
β Example
A man forges a property sale deed to sell a house he doesnβt own, intending to cheat the buyer.
A person creates fake invoices and sends them to a company to get money fraudulently.
In both cases, Section 486 IPC applies.
βοΈ Purpose of Section 486
To punish forgery done for cheating more strictly than ordinary forgery.
To protect people and institutions from being deceived using false or forged documents.
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