IPC Section 325
IPC Section 325 – Punishment for Grievous Hurt
Text of Section 325 (simplified):
"Whoever voluntarily causes grievous hurt to any person shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to seven years, and shall also be liable to fine."
1. Nature of the Offense
Section 325 deals with voluntarily causing grievous hurt.
It is a cognizable and non-bailable offense in serious cases.
This section is an extension of Section 320 (definition of grievous hurt) and Section 321 (voluntarily causing hurt).
2. Key Ingredients of the Offense
To constitute an offense under Section 325, the following elements must exist:
Voluntary act:
The hurt must be caused voluntarily, meaning the act is intentional.
Accidental injuries do not fall under this section.
Grievous hurt:
The hurt caused must be grievous, as defined under Section 320 IPC.
Examples of grievous hurt include:
Emasculation
Permanent loss of sight or hearing
Fracture or dislocation of bones
Permanent deformity of limbs or face
Injury causing life-threatening harm
Causation:
The injury must be directly caused by the accused.
Even if there was provocation, the voluntary act causing grievous hurt is punishable.
3. Punishment under IPC Section 325
Imprisonment: Up to 7 years (can be rigorous or simple imprisonment).
Fine: The offender may also be liable to pay a fine.
Both imprisonment and fine can be awarded.
4. Example Cases
Example 1:
A person intentionally strikes another with a knife, causing permanent injury or disfigurement.
Example 2:
Someone throws acid on another person, causing grievous burns or loss of eyesight.
Example 3:
Deliberate blows causing fractures in a fight.
5. Difference from Related Sections
Section 321 IPC: Voluntarily causing hurt, but not necessarily grievous hurt.
Section 323 IPC: Punishes voluntarily causing hurt (minor injury) with imprisonment up to 1 year.
Section 324 IPC: Voluntarily causing hurt by dangerous weapons or means.
Section 325 IPC: Focuses specifically on grievous hurt, with much higher punishment.
✅ Summary:
IPC Section 325 punishes anyone who voluntarily causes grievous hurt to another person. The law focuses on intentional serious injury, providing severe punishment up to 7 years and a fine to deter such acts.
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