IPC Section 469
IPC Section 469 deals with Forgery for the purpose of harming reputation.
📜 Text of Section 469, Indian Penal Code:
469. Forgery for purpose of harming reputation.
Whoever commits forgery, intending that the document or electronic record forged shall harm the reputation of any party, or knowing that it is likely to be used for that purpose, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to three years, and shall also be liable to fine;
and if the forgery is of a document described in Section 466 (like public registers, records), the imprisonment may extend to seven years, along with fine.
🔍 Key Points:
Applies when forgery is committed to damage someone's reputation.
Includes both:
Intention to harm reputation, or
Knowledge that it is likely to harm.
Covers both physical documents and electronic records.
🧑⚖️ Punishment:
Up to 3 years imprisonment + fine,
Up to 7 years imprisonment + fine, if it involves more serious documents under Section 466 IPC.
📝 Example:
Creating and spreading a fake letter or document (e.g., a resignation letter, criminal complaint, or defamatory email) in someone else's name to ruin their image or career.
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