IPC Section 194
🔹 IPC Section 194: Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of an offense
Text of Section 194:
"Whoever, knowing that an offense has been committed, gives or fabricates false evidence with the intention of causing, or knowing it to be likely that he will thereby cause, any person to be convicted of that offense, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to seven years, and shall also be liable to fine."
🔍 Key Points of Section 194:
Who is liable?
A person who knows that an offense has taken place.
But still gives or fabricates false evidence (e.g., false testimony, forged documents) related to that offense.
Intent:
The intention must be to cause someone to be wrongly convicted for the offense.
Or the person must know that it is likely that their false evidence will cause a wrongful conviction.
Nature of the False Evidence:
It could be false statements, forged documents, or any fabricated proof presented in a legal proceeding.
Punishment:
Imprisonment for up to 7 years (which could be simple or rigorous imprisonment).
Fine as well.
This is a serious offense because it affects the integrity of the justice system.
⚖️ Purpose of Section 194:
To protect the justice system from manipulation by false evidence.
To prevent wrongful conviction of innocent persons.
To ensure the truthfulness of evidence presented in courts.
✅ Example:
If a witness knowingly lies on the stand to get an innocent person convicted, or if someone forges documents to frame a person in a crime, that person can be charged under Section 194.
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