Criminal Procedure Code at Poland
Poland's Code of Criminal Procedure (Kodeks postępowania karnego) was enacted on June 6, 1997, and serves as the primary legal framework governing criminal proceedings in Poland. It outlines procedures for criminal investigations, trials, and appeals, ensuring the protection of rights for both the accused and victims. (Code of Criminal Procedure, Poland, WIPO Lex)
📘 Key Features
1. Investigation and Prosecution
Initiation of Proceedings: Criminal proceedings can be initiated based on a report, complaint, or the prosecutor's own initiative.
Investigative Authorities: The police, prosecutors, and other designated bodies conduct investigations.
Prosecutor's Role: Prosecutors oversee investigations, decide on charges, and represent the public interest in court.
2. Trial Procedures
Court Composition: Criminal cases are heard by a single judge or a panel of judges, depending on the case's severity.
Public Hearings: Trials are generally open to the public, ensuring transparency.
Defendant's Rights: Accused individuals have the right to be informed of charges, to legal representation, and to remain silent.
3. Appeals and Extraordinary Remedies
Appeals: Parties can appeal judgments to higher courts, typically within 14 days.
Extraordinary Remedies: In exceptional cases, extraordinary appeals can be lodged to the Supreme Court.
4. Special Procedures
Summary Proceedings: For less serious offenses, expedited procedures may be applied.
Juvenile Offenders: Separate provisions exist for dealing with minors, focusing on rehabilitation.
📄 Accessing the Code
The full text of the Code of Criminal Procedure, including its amendments up to July 2020, is available through the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) website: (Code of Criminal Procedure)
👉 Code of Criminal Procedure (UNODC)
Please note that this is an unofficial translation and may not reflect the most current legal provisions.
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