Section 2 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), 2023
Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 — Section 2: Definitions (Detailed)
Act
Refers to a single action or a series of actions performed by a person.
Animal
Any living creature other than a human being.
Child
Any person below the age of eighteen years.
Counterfeit
When a person causes one thing to resemble another with the intention to deceive or knowing that it is likely to deceive.
Court
A judge or a body of judges empowered by law to act judicially.
Death
The death of a human being, unless the context indicates otherwise.
Dishonestly
Doing something with the intention of causing wrongful gain to one person or wrongful loss to another.
Document
Any matter expressed or described upon any substance by letters, figures, or marks, including electronic and digital records, intended to be used as evidence.
Fraudulently
Doing something with the intention to defraud.
Gender
The pronoun “he” and its derivatives refer to any person, whether male, female, or transgender.
Good Faith
An act or belief done with due care and attention; not done or believed carelessly or deceitfully.
Government
Includes both the Central Government and State Governments.
Harbour
Includes sheltering, supplying food, drink, money, clothes, arms, or assistance to evade arrest.
Injury
Any harm illegally caused to a person’s body, mind, reputation, or property.
Illegal & Legally Bound to Do
“Illegal” refers to anything forbidden or punishable by law. A person is “legally bound to do” whatever it is illegal for them to omit.
Judge
A person officially designated as a judge, empowered to deliver a definitive judgment.
Summary:
Section 2 lays down clear meanings for important legal terms used throughout the BNS, 2023. This helps ensure clarity, avoids ambiguity, and facilitates consistent interpretation and application of the law.
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