IPC Section 399
🔹 IPC Section 399 – Punishment for dacoity
Text of the Section:
“Whoever is a member of a dacoity is punished with imprisonment of either description for life, or with rigorous imprisonment for a term which may extend to ten years, and shall also be liable to fine.”
🔍 Explanation:
What is Dacoity?
Dacoity is defined in Section 391 of the IPC as the robbery committed by five or more persons in furtherance of a common intention.
It is essentially a group robbery involving a minimum of five people acting together.
Membership in a Dacoity:
Section 399 punishes any person who is a member of such a dacoity.
Even if a member did not personally commit the robbery but took part in the group intending to commit dacoity, they are liable.
Punishment under Section 399:
Life imprisonment (which may mean imprisonment for the whole life of the convict) OR
Rigorous imprisonment up to 10 years, AND
Fine (additional monetary penalty).
⚖️ Nature of the Offence
Type: Serious criminal offence
Cognizable: Yes
Non-bailable: Usually non-bailable due to the gravity
Triable by: Sessions Court
🧠 Example to Understand
If five or more persons plan and execute a robbery together (like looting a house or a bank), all members involved can be punished under Section 399 for being part of a dacoity.
⚖️ Related Sections
Section 391 – Definition of dacoity
Section 392 – Punishment for robbery
Section 397 – Robbery or dacoity, when armed with deadly weapon
Section 400 – Receiving property stolen in dacoity
📌 Summary Table
| Element | Details |
|---|---|
| Act | Being a member of a dacoity (robbery by 5 or more persons) |
| Punishment | Life imprisonment or rigorous imprisonment up to 10 years, plus fine |
| Cognizable | Yes |
| Bailable | Generally no |
| Triable by | Sessions Court |
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