IPC Section 187
What Does Section 187 Say?
Section 187 of the Indian Penal Code defines the offence of extortion.
📝 Legal Definition (Simplified):
When a person intentionally puts another person in fear of:
Injury to their person (physical harm),
Injury to their reputation (defamation or character harm),
Injury to their property (damage or loss),
Or injury to the person or property of someone else they care about,
And by doing this, dishonestly induces that person to give any property or valuable security, or to do or omit to do something,
Then this act is called extortion.
⚖️ Key Elements of Extortion:
| Element | Explanation |
|---|---|
| Fear caused | Fear of injury to person, reputation, property, or to someone they care about. |
| Intention | The offender must intend to cause this fear. |
| Dishonest inducement | The fear must be used to dishonestly obtain property, security, or compel action/inaction. |
| Result | The victim must be induced to give property or do/omit some act. |
📌 Example:
A person threatens to damage your shop unless you pay them ₹50,000.
To avoid harm, you pay the money.
This is extortion, as the payment was made under fear of injury to property.
🔍 Relation to Other Offences:
Extortion involves threats and obtaining property or benefit dishonestly.
It is closely related to robbery, but differs because extortion involves threats and inducement, not immediate use of force.
It is different from coercion, which may not always involve obtaining property.
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