Landmark PILs of 2024–25 and Their Judicial Outcomes
- ByAdmin --
- 30 Jun 2025 --
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In the legal landscape of 2024–25, several Public Interest Litigations (PILs) have left a significant impact on India’s constitutional and social discourse. These cases not only triggered vital debates on governance, rights, and accountability but also invited landmark interpretations from the judiciary. Below is a breakdown of some major PILs and their outcomes, blending narrative and quick pointers for clarity and better understanding.
Key PILs and Judicial Outcomes
1. Electoral Bond Scheme PIL
- Filed to challenge the validity of the anonymous donation route to political parties.
- Supreme Court struck down the scheme in February 2024, declaring it unconstitutional.
- Cited violation of Article 19(1)(a) – Right to information and transparency in political funding.
2. Manipur Violence PILs
- Filed by civil rights groups highlighting delayed government and military response.
- SC ordered formation of an SIT and emphasized accountability of state machinery.
- Court reiterated the importance of Article 21 – Protection of life and personal liberty.
3. Uniform Civil Code Draft PILs
- Multiple PILs were filed challenging the legality and lack of consultation in drafting the UCC.
- SC refused to stay the draft but emphasized the need for stakeholder involvement and transparency.
- Referenced Article 44 – Directive Principle promoting a UCC.
4. Climate Change and Industrial Emissions PIL
- Brought by environmental activists over relaxed pollution norms for thermal plants.
- SC directed reinstatement of stricter norms and ordered impact reassessment.
- Reinforced environmental rights under Article 21 and Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
5. Prison Overcrowding and Undertrial Detention PIL
- Filed to address inhumane prison conditions and prolonged detention.
- SC directed all HCs to monitor jail conditions and expedite bail hearings.
- Based its decision on Article 21 and Section 436A of CrPC.
6. Digital Surveillance and Right to Privacy PIL
- Concerned with the unchecked use of spyware and government surveillance tools.
- SC ordered the Centre to disclose policies and set up an independent oversight mechanism.
- Strengthened the interpretation of Right to Privacy under Article 21 post-Puttaswamy judgment.
7. Social Media Regulation PILs
- Filed against misinformation and hate speech on platforms like X (Twitter) and YouTube.
- Court urged the government to update IT Rules, 2021 with more checks and balances.
- Called for alignment with Article 19(2) – Reasonable restrictions on free speech.
Conclusion
The PILs of 2024–25 reflect a judiciary that is actively responding to the evolving needs of Indian society. From striking down opaque political funding mechanisms to demanding accountability for state failure in conflict zones, the courts have reinforced their role as protectors of constitutional rights and democratic values. The emphasis on environmental justice, personal liberty, and digital rights further showcases the judiciary's commitment to adapting constitutional safeguards to contemporary challenges.
Each judgment stands as a reminder that the Constitution is a living document—constantly interpreted through the lens of justice, equity, and public welfare. As more citizens turn to the courts through PILs, the legal system continues to act as a vital check on governance, ensuring that rights are not only protected on paper but enforced in practice.
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