Geographical Indications Law in Italy
Italy boasts one of the most comprehensive and robust legal frameworks for the protection of Geographical Indications (GIs) globally. This system safeguards the authenticity, quality, and cultural heritage of Italian products, particularly in the agri-food sector.
🇪🇺 European Union Framework
As a member of the European Union (EU), Italy adheres to the EU's GI protection system, which encompasses:
Protected Designation of Origin (PDO / DOP): Indicates that products are produced, processed, and prepared in a specific geographical area using recognized know-how.
Protected Geographical Indication (PGI / IGP): Denotes that at least one of the stages of production, processing, or preparation occurs in the region.
Traditional Specialty Guaranteed (TSG / STG): Highlights traditional character, either in the composition or means of production, without being linked to a specific geographical area.
These designations are governed by EU regulations, ensuring uniform protection across member states
🇮🇹 Italian National Framework
Italy's national legislation complements the EU framework, providing additional layers of protection:
Industrial Property Code (Decree-Law 30/2005): Articles 29 and 30 specifically address the protection of GIs and designations of origin, treating them as intellectual property rights akin to trademarks.
Law No. 206 of 27 December 2023: This recent legislation aligns Italian law with the updated EU regulations, enhancing protection for artisanal and industrial products .
The Ministry of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Policies (MiPAAF) oversees the implementation and enforcement of GI protections in Italy.
🧀 Notable Italian GIs
Italy is renowned for its diverse range of GI-protected products, including:
Parmigiano Reggiano (PDO): A hard, granular cheese produced in specific provinces, with strict production standards .
Gorgonzola (PDO): A veined blue cheese originating from Northern Italy, recognized for its unique flavor .
Aceto Balsamico di Modena (PGI): A balsamic vinegar with a rich history and specific production methods .
These products exemplify the success of Italy's GI system in preserving traditional methods and ensuring product authenticity.
🛡️ Enforcement and Protection
Italy employs a multi-faceted approach to enforce GI protections:
Consortia (Consorzi): Producer associations that monitor and promote GI products, ensuring compliance with production standards.
Legal Measures: The Industrial Property Code provides legal recourse against unauthorized use or imitation of GIs, including penalties for infringement.
This comprehensive enforcement mechanism helps combat issues like "Italian Sounding," where foreign products falsely claim Italian origin, potentially misleading consumers .
🌍 International Recognition
Italy's commitment to GI protection extends beyond the EU:
Lisbon Agreement: Italy is a signatory to this international treaty, facilitating the protection of appellations of origin across member countries
Bilateral Agreements: Italy engages in agreements with non-EU countries to ensure mutual recognition and protection of GIs.
These international efforts bolster the global reputation of Italian products and safeguard them in international markets.
In summary, Italy's legal framework for Geographical Indications is a blend of stringent national laws and comprehensive EU regulations, ensuring the protection and promotion of its rich culinary and artisanal heritage.
RELATED Blog
0 comments