Health Care Law at Myanmar
Myanmar's healthcare system is governed by a combination of laws, councils, and regulatory bodies aimed at ensuring public health, medical ethics, and the quality of healthcare services. Here's an overview of the key legal frameworks and institutions:
🏛️ Key Healthcare Laws in Myanmar
1. Myanmar Medical Council Law (SPDC Law No. 1/2000)
Established on January 14, 2000, this law created the Myanmar Medical Council (MMC), which is responsible for:
Registering and licensing medical practitioners.
Setting standards for medical education and practice.
Investigating and taking action against unethical or substandard medical conduct.
Issuing Certificates of Good Standing for international training or employment.
Overseeing the accreditation of medical schools and institutions. (The Myanmar Medical Council Law - SPDC Law No. 1/2000 (English) | Online Burma/Myanmar Library, About Us – Myanmar Medical Council)
The MMC operates as an independent body under the Ministry of Health and Sports. (About Us – Myanmar Medical Council)
2. The Law Relating to Private Health Care Services (Law No. 5/2007)
Enacted on April 5, 2007, this law regulates the establishment and operation of private healthcare services, including:
Private clinics, hospitals, maternity homes, diagnostic centers, and nursing homes.
Licensing procedures through township, district, and central supervisory committees.
Quality control and promotion bodies to ensure service standards.
Penalties for operating without a license, including fines and imprisonment. (The Law Relating to Private Health Care Services - Laws OD Mekong Datahub, STIP | Law Detail, Unlicensed domestic private healthcare services to face legal action - Global New Light Of Myanmar)
The law aims to integrate private services into the national healthcare system while ensuring quality and accountability. (The Law Relating to Private Health Care Services - Laws OD Mekong Datahub)
3. Myanmar Medical Degree, Diplomas and Certificates Act (Law No. 33/2019)
Passed on December 5, 2019, this act standardizes the recognition of medical degrees, diplomas, and certificates in Myanmar. It ensures that only qualified individuals can practice medicine and that foreign qualifications are properly assessed and recognized. (Pyidaungsu Hluttaw Law No. 33/2019: The Myanmar Medical Degree, Diplomas and certificates Act - မြန်မာနိုင်ငံ ဆေးပညာရပ်ဆိုင်ရာ ဘွဲ့၊ ဒီပလိုမာနှင့် လက်မှတ်များဥပဒေ | Online Burma/Myanmar Library)
4. Law for Health Care Relating to Control of Population Growth (Law No. 28/2015)
Enacted on May 23, 2015, this law addresses reproductive health and family planning, aiming to control population growth through education, access to healthcare services, and awareness programs. (Myanmar: Pyidaungsu Hluttaw Law No. 28/2015, Law for Health Care Relating to Control of Population Growth | Refworld)
🏥 Regulatory Bodies
Myanmar Medical Council (MMC)
As the primary regulatory authority for medical practitioners, the MMC oversees:
Issuance of general and specialist medical licenses.
Monitoring of medical ethics and professional conduct.
Accreditation of medical institutions.
Enforcement of licensing policies and procedures. (Licensing Policies and Procedures – Myanmar Medical Council)
Foreign medical practitioners can apply for a Limited Medical Practitioner License to practice in Myanmar. (Licensing Policies and Procedures – Myanmar Medical Council)
Food and Drug Board of Authority (FDBA)
Established under the 1992 National Drug Law, the FDBA regulates the manufacture, import, export, storage, distribution, and sale of food and drugs to ensure public safety. (Food and Drug Board of Authority)
⚖️ Enforcement and Compliance
The government actively monitors and enforces healthcare regulations:
Unlicensed private healthcare services are subject to legal action, including fines and imprisonment.
Township Medical Services Departments are responsible for verifying compliance and conducting inspections. (Unlicensed domestic private healthcare services to face legal action - Global New Light Of Myanmar)
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