Juvenile Laws at Tanzania
Tanzania's juvenile justice system is designed to prioritize the welfare and rehabilitation of children in conflict with the law. The cornerstone of this system is the Law of the Child Act, 2009 (Act No. 21 of 2009), which provides comprehensive guidelines for the treatment of children within the justice system.
⚖️ Legal Framework
Law of the Child Act, 2009: This Act establishes the legal parameters for handling cases involving children under 18 years of age, emphasizing protective measures and rehabilitation over punitive approaches.
Juvenile Court Procedures: The Law of the Child (Juvenile Court Procedure) Rules, 2016 outline the procedures for juvenile courts, ensuring that proceedings are child-friendly and focused on the best interests of the child.
🧒 Age of Criminal Responsibility
Under 12 Years:Children under the age of 12 are not held criminally responsible, Instead of facing criminal charges, they may receive interventions aimed at addressing behavioral issues and preventing future offenses
12 to 18 Years:Children aged between 12 and 18 can be held criminally responsible, However, the justice system applies measures tailored to their age and development, focusing on rehabilitation and reintegration
🏛️ Juvenile Justice Procedures
Establishment of Juvenile Courts In 2019, the Chief Justice appointed 114 specialized juvenile courts across Tanzania to handle cases involving children aged 18 years and belo. These courts operate under the Law of the Child Act, aiming to provide a judicial environment that caters specifically to the needs of juvenile offender.
Court Procedures Juvenile court proceedings are designed to be informal and child-friendl. Sessions are held in camera (closed to the public, to protect the child's privacy, and a social welfare officer is present during proceeding. The child has the right to be represented by an advocate, and efforts are made to ensure that the child understands the legal process.
Sentencing and Rehabilitation The Law of the Child Act prohibits custodial sentences for children, except in exceptional case. Alternative measures such as community service, probation, or placement in approved schools are preferred, focusing on rehabilitation and reintegration into society.
Tanzania's juvenile justice system reflects a commitment to international standards for children's rights, emphasizing rehabilitation and the protection of children's welfare within the legal process.
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