Motor vehicle Laws Greece

10 Mar 2025 --
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Motor vehicle laws in Greece are designed to ensure road safety and regulate the use of vehicles on public roads. These laws align with European Union (EU) regulations and are enforced by the Hellenic Police and other authorities. Below is an overview of the key motor vehicle laws in Greece:

1. Driving License

Minimum Age: The minimum age for obtaining a driving license in Greece is 18 years.
License Requirements:
- Theoretical Exam: Applicants must pass a theoretical exam covering road signs, traffic laws, and road safety.
- Practical Driving Test: A practical driving test is required to demonstrate the ability to drive safely.
- Medical Examination: Drivers must pass a medical exam if necessary, particularly for those wishing to drive commercial vehicles or those with medical conditions.
Foreign Drivers: Foreign nationals with a valid EU driving license can drive in Greece without any additional requirements. Non-EU visitors with a valid international driving permit (IDP) can drive for up to six months. After that, they may need to exchange their foreign license for a Greek one.

2. Traffic Signs and Signals

Traffic Signs: Greece uses international road signs, and road signs are primarily in Greek and English in major tourist areas.
Speed Limits:
- Urban Areas: The speed limit in cities and residential areas is typically 50 km/h (31 mph), unless otherwise indicated.
- Rural Roads: The speed limit on rural roads is generally 90 km/h (56 mph).
- Highways: On motorways, the speed limit is typically 120 km/h (75 mph), but it may vary depending on road conditions and signage.
Pedestrian Crossings: Drivers must yield to pedestrians at marked crosswalks.

3. Alcohol and Drug Use

Blood Alcohol Limit: The legal blood alcohol concentration (BAC) limit for drivers is 0.05%. For drivers of commercial vehicles, bus drivers, and novice drivers (less than 2 years of experience), the BAC limit is 0.02%.
Drug Use: Driving under the influence of drugs, including prescription drugs that impair driving, is illegal. Police may conduct drug tests if they suspect impairment.
Sobriety Checkpoints: The police conduct random sobriety checkpoints to test for alcohol or drug impairment.

4. Seat Belts and Child Safety

Seat Belts: Seat belts are mandatory for both the driver and all passengers. Failing to wear a seat belt can result in a fine.
Child Safety: Children under the age of 12 years or shorter than 135 cm (4'5") must be placed in an appropriate child safety seat.
Penalty: Not using seat belts or child safety seats can lead to fines and penalties.

5. Mobile Phones

Hands-Free Devices: It is illegal to use a mobile phone while driving unless using a hands-free device (e.g., Bluetooth, speakerphone).
Distracted Driving: Texting, browsing, or talking on the phone without a hands-free device is considered distracted driving and can lead to fines and penalties.

6. Vehicle Registration and Insurance

Registration: All vehicles must be registered with the Greek Ministry of Transport. The registration must be renewed annually.
Insurance: Third-party liability insurance is mandatory for all vehicles. It is illegal to drive without insurance in Greece. Comprehensive insurance is also available but is not compulsory.
Inspection: Vehicles must pass a technical inspection (KTEO) every two years for older vehicles and annually for vehicles over a certain age (usually after 10 years).

7. Parking Regulations

Parking Fees: In urban areas, especially in cities like Athens and Thessaloniki, parking can be subject to fees. Many areas have paid parking zones.
Illegal Parking: Parking in no-parking zones, handicapped spaces, or blocking driveways can lead to fines or the vehicle being towed.
Parking Permits: Residents in certain areas may be eligible for residential parking permits.

8. Traffic Violations and Penalties

Fines: Common traffic violations such as speeding, running red lights, and not wearing a seatbelt can lead to fines.
Serious Offenses: Serious offenses, such as driving under the influence, reckless driving, or causing accidents, can lead to license suspension, heavy fines, or imprisonment.
Penalty Points: Greece uses a points system for driving violations. Accumulating a certain number of points within a period can result in license suspension.

9. Road Safety Measures

Motorcycles and Scooters: It is mandatory for both motorcyclists and passengers to wear helmets. Motorcycles and scooters must also be registered and insured.
Pedestrian Safety: Drivers must always yield to pedestrians at crosswalks. It is illegal to drive through pedestrian zones or areas where pedestrians have the right of way.
Cyclists: Cyclists must wear helmets when cycling on roads, especially outside urban areas. Cyclists must also follow traffic signals and signs.

10. Environmental Considerations

Vehicle Emissions: Greece has regulations to control vehicle emissions, and vehicles that fail to meet the required environmental standards may be fined or banned from the road.
Electric Vehicles (EVs): The use of electric vehicles is encouraged, and there are incentives to reduce the environmental impact of driving. Charging stations for electric cars are being gradually increased.

11. Public Transport and Taxis

Public Transport: Public transport in Greece is available in major cities and includes buses, trams, and the metro system (in cities like Athens). There are also ferries for island travel.
Taxis: Taxis are widely available in urban areas. They can be hailed on the street or pre-booked. Ride-hailing apps like Uber and Beat also operate in Greece.
Fares: Taxi fares are typically metered, but it’s important to confirm this with the driver before starting the journey.

12. Weather-Related Conditions

Rain and Flooding: During the winter months, heavy rain can cause flooding in certain areas. Drivers should be cautious in such conditions.
Snow: In mountain regions, snow can create hazardous driving conditions. During winter, it is advisable to carry snow chains or drive vehicles equipped with winter tires.

13. Traffic Enforcement

Police and Enforcement: The Hellenic Police are responsible for enforcing traffic laws. Police officers may conduct random checks for compliance with driving regulations.
Speed Cameras: Speed cameras are used throughout Greece to monitor speeding, especially on highways and in urban areas.

14. Special Events and Traffic

During major public events, such as national holidays, festivals, or sporting events, roads can become congested, and there may be temporary road closures, traffic diversions, or restrictions.

15. Motorcycle and Scooter Regulations

Helmet Laws: It is mandatory for both motorcyclists and passengers to wear helmets.
Motorcycle Licensing: To ride a motorcycle, the driver must have a valid motorcycle license (separate from a regular driving license).

16. Driver Education and Awareness

Driver Education: Greece has numerous driving schools that provide both theoretical and practical training for new drivers.
Public Awareness Campaigns: The Greek government runs road safety campaigns to raise awareness about safe driving practices, seat belt use, and the dangers of driving under the influence.

17. Accident Reporting and Emergency Services

Emergency Services: In the event of an accident, drivers should call 112 for emergency services, which include police, fire, and medical help.
Accident Reporting: Drivers involved in an accident must report it to the police if there are injuries or significant damage. A police report is often required for insurance claims.

By following these motor vehicle laws, drivers in Greece can help ensure road safety, reduce accidents, and contribute to the proper functioning of the country’s road network.