Civil Procedure Code at Romania
Romania's civil litigation framework is governed by the Civil Procedure Code, established by Law No. 134/2010, which came into force on February 15, 2013. This code replaced the previous Civil Procedure Code of 1865 and was implemented through Law No. 76/2012. The reform aimed to modernize and expedite civil proceedings, aligning them with European standards and addressing issues raised by the European Court of Human Rights regarding the length of trials and the consistency of case law . (Civil procedure code of Romania)
📘 Key Features of the Civil Procedure Code
Structure: The code comprises a preliminary title and seven books, covering:
Contentious and non-contentious proceedings
Arbitration
Enforcement of judgments
Special procedures (e.g., divorce, partition)
International civil lawsuits (Civil procedure code of Romania)
Simplification and Efficiency: The reform introduced measures to simplify procedures and reduce trial durations. For instance, the average trial length decreased to approximately 1.5 years, and the overall caseload of tribunals and courts of appeal declined by 17% . (Civil procedure code of Romania)
Digital Integration: The code facilitates the use of electronic filing and service, enhancing accessibility and efficiency in legal proceedings.
Appeals and Enforcement: It outlines procedures for appealing judgments and enforcing court orders, ensuring compliance and legal certainty.
📚 Accessing the Full Text
The full text of the Civil Procedure Code is available on the WIPO Lex portal:
👉 Code of Civil Procedure (Extract), Romania
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