Cyber Law at Artsakh
Artsakh (Nagorno-Karabakh) operates under a unique and complex legal framework due to its political status and limited international recognition. Consequently, there is no publicly available, comprehensive national legislation specifically addressing cyber law, data protection, or cybersecurity within Artsakh.
However, Armenia, which has close ties with Artsakh, has developed a robust legal and institutional framework for cybersecurity and data protection. This includes the Law on Personal Data Protection, enacted in 2021, which establishes guidelines for data processing, security measures, and cross-border data transfers. Armenia has also signed the modernized Council of Europe Convention 108+ on data protection and is developing a comprehensive cybersecurity strategy to safeguard critical infrastructure and public services.
In response to specific regional challenges, Artsakh has implemented practical measures to enhance cybersecurity. For instance, in July 2023, the Government of Nagorno-Karabakh partnered with the Armenian company Zangi to launch "ArtsakhX," a secure messaging application designed to function during internet blackouts. This app employs NATO-approved AES-GSM-256 encryption and operates with servers located within Nagorno-Karabakh to ensure data security during potential cyberattacks.
While Artsakh lacks a formal, standalone cyber law, its cybersecurity measures are influenced by Armenia's legal framework and tailored to address the region's specific needs and challenges.
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