Artificial Intelligence law at Saudi Arabia
As of May 2025, Saudi Arabia has not enacted formal legislation specifically regulating Artificial Intelligence (AI). However, the Kingdom is proactively establishing a robust ethical and governance framework for AI through guidelines and principles developed by the Saudi Data and Artificial Intelligence Authority (SDAIA).(https://www.onearabia.me/)
🇸🇦 Key AI Governance Initiatives in Saudi Arabia
1. AI Ethics Principles (Version 2.0)
In September 2023, SDAIA introduced the AI Ethics Principles 2.0, which are designed to guide the responsible development and deployment of AI systems across Saudi Arabia. These principles are applicable to all entities involved in AI activities within the Kingdom, including public and private organizations, non-profits, researchers, and consumers. The principles encompass:(Middle East Insights, DataGuidance)
Fairness: Ensuring AI systems operate without bias.
Privacy and Security: Protecting personal data and ensuring system security.
Humanity: Aligning AI systems with human values and rights.
Social and Environmental Benefits: Promoting positive societal and environmental impacts.
Reliability and Safety: Ensuring AI systems are dependable and safe.
Transparency and Explainability: Making AI operations understandable to users.
Accountability and Responsibility: Holding entities accountable for AI system outcomes.(DPA)
These principles aim to mitigate negative implications of AI systems and encourage ethical practices throughout the AI lifecycle. (DataGuidance)
2. Generative AI Guidelines
In January 2024, SDAIA released two sets of guidelines for the use of generative AI systems: one for government employees and another for the public. These guidelines provide recommendations on the responsible adoption and use of generative AI, highlighting challenges, ethical considerations, and best practices to ensure beneficial outcomes. (Clyde & Co, Home | White & Case LLP)
3. AI Ethics Early Adopters Initiative
Launched in September 2024 during the third Global AI Summit, this initiative encourages organizations in both the public and private sectors to prioritize ethical considerations when deploying AI technologies. The program offers incentive badges reflecting the maturity of an organization's AI risk-management practices, ranging from "Aware" to "Pioneer." This initiative aims to promote compliance and enhance the trustworthiness of AI products and services. (https://www.onearabia.me/)
4. International Recognition
Saudi Arabia's efforts in AI regulation have garnered international recognition. According to the OECD AI Policy Observatory, the Kingdom ranks third globally in AI regulation, following the United States and the United Kingdom. This ranking underscores Saudi Arabia's commitment to advancing the ethical and responsible development of AI technologies. (KSA)
⚖️ Legal and Regulatory Landscape
While Saudi Arabia has not implemented specific AI laws, several existing legal frameworks intersect with AI governance:
Personal Data Protection Law (PDPL): Enacted in March 2022, the PDPL regulates the collection, processing, and storage of personal data, impacting AI systems that handle such data.
Intellectual Property Laws: These laws protect AI innovations and creations, including algorithms and AI-generated content.
Cybersecurity Regulations: These regulations ensure the security of AI systems and the data they process.
SDAIA plays a central role in overseeing AI activities, developing policies, and ensuring compliance with ethical standards. The authority is empowered to monitor and enforce adherence to AI principles and guidelines, although enforcement mechanisms are currently advisory rather than legally binding. (Home | White & Case LLP)
🔮 Future Outlook
Saudi Arabia's approach to AI regulation emphasizes ethical considerations and responsible development. The Kingdom's commitment to establishing a comprehensive AI governance framework positions it as a leader in the ethical deployment of AI technologies. As AI continues to evolve, Saudi Arabia's regulatory landscape may adapt to address emerging challenges and opportunities, ensuring that AI contributes positively to society and the economy.
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