Energy Law at Madagascar
Here’s an overview of Energy Law in Madagascar:
⚖️ Overview of Energy Law in Madagascar
Madagascar’s energy sector is regulated through a mix of national laws and regulations aimed at developing energy resources, improving access, and promoting renewable energy to meet growing demand.
🗂 Key Legislation and Regulatory Framework
Electricity Code (Code de l’électricité)
Main legal framework regulating generation, transmission, distribution, and commercialization of electricity.
Establishes licensing requirements for energy operators.
Sets rules for tariffs, concessions, and consumer protections.
Promotes rural electrification and renewable energy development.
Law on the Promotion of Renewable Energy (Loi sur la promotion des énergies renouvelables)
Encourages development of renewable energy sources such as hydro, solar, wind, and biomass.
Provides incentives and frameworks for private investment in renewables.
Supports off-grid and mini-grid projects, especially for rural electrification.
Environmental Law and Regulations
Environmental impact assessments (EIA) are mandatory for energy projects.
Oversight by the Ministry of Environment to ensure sustainable development.
🏛 Regulatory Bodies
Ministry of Energy and Hydrocarbons (Ministère de l’Énergie et des Hydrocarbures)
Responsible for energy policy, regulation, and sector development.
Energy Regulatory Authority (ARE)
Independent regulator overseeing licensing, tariffs, and quality standards.
Jirama
State-owned utility responsible for electricity generation and distribution in urban areas.
🔋 Energy Sector Challenges and Focus
Energy access: Madagascar has low electrification rates, particularly in rural areas (~15-20%).
Renewables focus: Emphasis on expanding hydroelectric power and solar energy projects.
Private sector participation: Encouraged through licensing and concessions to improve infrastructure.
Rural electrification: Strong government programs to increase access via mini-grids and standalone solar systems.
⚙️ Licensing & Tariffs
Operators require licenses for generation and distribution.
Tariff rates are regulated by the ARE to balance cost recovery and affordability.
Concessions are often granted for specific geographic areas or projects.
🌍 International Cooperation and Development Aid
Madagascar benefits from international support (World Bank, African Development Bank, UNDP) for energy infrastructure and renewable energy projects.
Aligns with global sustainable development goals (SDGs) on energy access.
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