Biotechnology Law at Russia
Russia's biotechnology legal framework is characterized by stringent regulations on genetically modified organisms (GMOs), with a clear emphasis on biosafety, public health, and environmental protection.
📜 Key Biotechnology Legislation
Federal Law No. 358-FZ (July 3, 2016) – On State Regulation in the Field of Genetic Engineering
This law prohibits the cultivation and breeding of genetically modified (GM) plants and animals within the Russian Federation. The only exceptions are for scientific research and expert examination purposes. The law also empowers the government to restrict the import of GMO-containing products if they pose risks to human health or the environment.
Food Security Doctrine (2020 Revision)
Signed by President Vladimir Putin, this doctrine reinforces the ban on the import and use of GMOs for planting or breeding. It allows for the import of certain GMO foods, such as soybeans, for consumption. The doctrine aims to enhance Russia's self-sufficiency in food production and reduce dependence on genetically engineered organisms.
🧬 Regulatory Authorities
Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor): Oversees public health and safety, including the regulation of GMOs.
Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance (Rosselkhoznadzor): Responsible for the regulation of agricultural products, including those derived from GMOs.
🌐 International Commitments
Russia is a party to the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, which aims to protect biological diversity from the potential risks posed by living modified organisms resulting from modern biotechnology.
⚖️ Intellectual Property and Biotechnology
Biotechnological inventions in Russia are protected under the Civil Code of the Russian Federation and the Patent Law. However, the patenting of GMOs is subject to the restrictions imposed by Federal Law No. 358-FZ.
🧾 Legal Assistance and Resources
For legal guidance in biotechnology matters within Russia, consider consulting professionals listed on platforms
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