41A. Constitution of Site Appraisal Committees.—(1) The State Government may, for purposes of
advising it to consider applications for grant of permission for the initial location of a factory involving a
hazardous process or for the expansion of an such factory, appoint a Site Appraisal Committee consisting
of—
(a) the Chief Inspector of the State who shall be its Chairman;
(b) a representative of the Central Board for the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution
appointed by the Central Government under section 3 of the Water (Prevention and Control of
Pollution) Act, 1974 (6 of 1974);
(c) a representative of the Central Board for the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution referred
to in section 3 of the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 (14 of 1981);
(d) a representative of the State Board appointed under section 4 of the Water (Prevention and
Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 (6 of 1974);
(e) a representative of the State Board for the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution referred to
in section 5 of the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 (14 of 1981);
(f) a representative of the Department of Environment in the State;
(g) a representative of the Meteorological Department of the Government of India;
(h) an expert in the field of occupational health; and
(i) a representative of the Town Planning Department of the State Government,
and not more than five other members who may be co-opted by the Slate Government who shall be—
1. Ins. by Act 94 of 1976, s. 19 (w.e.f. 26-10-1976).
2. Subs. by s. 20, ibid., for “devices” (w.e.f. 26-10-1976).
3. Ins. by Act 20 of 1987, s. 20 (w.e.f. 1-12-1987).
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(i) a scientist having specialised knowledge of the hazardous process which will be involved in
the factory,
(ii) a representative of the local authority within whose jurisdiction the factory is to be
established, and
(iii) not more than three other persons as deemed fit by the State Government.
(2) The Site Appraisal Committee shall examine an application for the establishment of a factory
involving hazardous process and make its recommendation to the State Government within a period of
ninety days of the receipt of such application in the prescribed form.
(3) Where any process relates to a factory owned or controlled by the Central Government or to a
corporation or a company owned or controlled by the Central Government, the State Government shall
co-opt in the Site Appraisal Committee a representative nominated by the Central Government as
a member of that Committee.
(4) The Site Appraisal Committee shall have power to call for any information from the person
making an application for the establishment or expansion of a factory involving a hazardous process.
(5) Where the State Government has granted approval to an application for the establishment or
expansion of a factory involving a hazardous process, it shall not be necessary for an applicant to obtain a
further approval from the Central Board or the State Board established under the Water (Prevention and
Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 (6 of 1974) and the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution)
Act, 1981 (14 of 1981).
41B. Compulsory disclosure of information by the occupier.—(1) The occupier of every factory
involving a hazardous process shall disclose in the manner prescribed all information regarding dangers,
including health hazards and the measures to overcome such hazards arising from the exposure to or
handling of the materials or substances in the manufacture, transportation, storage and other processes, to
the workers employed in the factory, the Chief Inspector, the local authority within whose jurisdiction the
factory is situate and the general public in the vicinity.
(2) The occupier shall, at the time of registering the factory involving a hazardous process, lay down a
detailed policy with respect to the health and safety of the workers employed therein and intimate such
policy to the Chief Inspector and the local authority and, thereafter, at such intervals as may be
prescribed, inform the Chief Inspector and the local authority of any change made in the said policy.
(3) The information furnished under sub-section (1) shall include accurate information as to the
quantity, specifications and other characteristics of wastes and the manner of their disposal.
(4) Every occupier shall, with the approval of the Chief Inspector, draw up an on-site emergency plan
and detailed disaster control measures for his factory and make known to the workers employed therein
and to the general public living in the vicinity of the factory the safety measures required to be taken in
the event of an accident taking place.
(5) Every occupier of a factory shall,—
(a) if such factory engaged in a hazardous process on the commencement of the Factories
(Amendment) Act, 1987, within a period of thirty days of such commencement; and
(b) if such factory engaged in a hazardous process at any time after such commencement, within a
period of thirty days before the commencement of such process,
inform the Chief Inspector of the nature and details of the process in such form and in such manner as
may be prescribed.
(6) Where any occupier of a factory contravenes the provisions of sub-section (5), the licence issued
under section 6 to such factory shall, notwithstanding any penalty to which the occupier or factory shall
be subjected to under the provisions of this Act, be liable for cancellation.
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(7) The occupier of a factory involving a hazardous process shall, with the previous approval of the
Chief Inspector, lay down measures for the handling, usage, transportation and storage of hazardous
substances inside the factory premises and the disposal of such substances outside the factory premises
and publicise them in the manner prescribed among the workers and the general public living in the
vicinity.
41C. Specific responsibility of the occupier in relation to hazardous processes.—Every occupier
of a factory involving any hazardous process shall—
(a) maintain accurate and up-to-date health records or, as the case may be, medical records, of the
workers in the factory who are exposed to any chemical, toxic or any other harmful substances which
are manufactured, stored, handled or transported and such records shall be accessible to the workers
subject to such conditions as may be prescribed;
(b) appoint persons who possess qualifications and experience in handling hazardous substances
and arc competent to supervise such handling within the factory and to provide at the working place
all the necessary facilities for protecting the workers in the manner prescribed:
Provided that where any question arises as to the qualifications and experience of a person so
appointed, the decision of the Chief Inspector shall be final;
(c) provide for medical examination of every worker—
(a) before such worker is assigned to a job involving the handling of, or working with, a
hazardous substance, and
(b) while continuing in such job, and after he has ceased to work in such job, at intervals not
exceeding twelve months, in such manner as may be prescribed.
41D. Power of Central Government to appoint Inquiry Committee.—(1) The Central
Government may, in the event of the occurrence of an extraordinary situation involving a factory engaged
in a hazardous process, appoint an Inquiry Committee to inquire into the standards of health and safety
observed in the factory with a view to finding out the causes of any failure or neglect in the adoption of
any measures or standards prescribed for the health and safety of the workers employed in the factory or
the general public affected, or likely to be affected, due to such failure or neglect and for the prevention
and recurrence of such extraordinary situations in future in such factory or elsewhere.
(2) The Committee appointed under sub-section (1) shall consist of a Chairman and two
other members and the terms of reference of the Committee and the tenure of office of its members shall
be such as may be determined by the Central Government according to the requirements of the situation.
(3) The recommendations of the Committee shall be advisory in the nature.
41E. Emergency standards.—(1) Where the Central Government is satisfied that no standards of
safety have been prescribed in respect of a hazardous process or class of hazardous processes, or where
the standards so prescribed are inadequate, it may direct the Director-General of Factory Advice Service
and Labour Institutes or any institution specialised in matters relating to standards of safety in hazardous
processes, to lay down emergency standards for enforcement of suitable standards in respect of such
hazardous processes.
(2) The emergency standards laid down under sub-section (1) shall, until they are incorporated in the
rules made under this Act, be enforceable and have the same effect as if they had been incorporated in the
rules made under this Act.
41F. Permissible limits of exposure of chemical and toxic substances.—(1) The maximum
permissible threshold limits of exposure of chemical and toxic substances in manufacturing processes
(whether hazardous or otherwise) in any factory shall be of the value indicated in the Second Schedule.
(2) The Central Government may, at any time, for the purpose of giving effect to any scientific proof
obtained from specialised institutions or experts in the field by notification in the Official Gazelle, make
suitable changes in the said Schedule.
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41G. Workers’ participation in safety management.—(1) The occupier shall, in every factory
where a hazardous process takes place, or where hazardous substances are used or handled, set up a
Safety Committee consisting of equal number of representatives of workers and management to promote
co-operation between the workers and the management in maintaining proper safety and health at work
and to review periodical the measures taken in that behalf:
Provided that the State Government may, by order in writing and for reasons to be recorded exempt
the occupier of any factory or class of factories from setting up such Committee.
(2) The composition of the Safety Committee, the tenure of office of its members and their right and
duties shall be such as may be prescribed.
41H. Right of workers to warn about imminent danger.—(1) Where the workers employed in any
factory engaged in a hazardous process have reasonable apprehension that there is a likelihood of
imminent danger to their lives or health due to any accident, they may bring the same to the notice of the
occupier, agent, manager or any other person who is in charge of the factory or the process concerned
directly or through their representatives in the Safety Committee and simultaneously bring the same to the
notice of the Inspector.
(2) It shall be the duty of such occupier, agent, manager or the person in charge of the factory or
process to take immediate remedial action if he is satisfied about the existence of such imminent danger
and send a report forthwith of the action taken to the nearest Inspector.
(3) If the occupier, agent, manager or the person in charge referred to in sub-section (2) is not
satisfied about the existence of any imminent danger as apprehended by the workers, he shall,
nevertheless, refer the matter forthwith to the nearest Inspector whose decision on the question of the
existence of such imminent danger shall be final.]