41. Penalty in relation to undisclosed foreign income and asset.—The Assessing Officer may
direct that in a case where tax has been computed under section 10 in respect of undisclosed foreign
income and asset, the assessee shall pay by way of penalty, in addition to tax, if any, payable by him, a
sum equal to three times the tax computed under that section.
42. Penalty for failure to furnish return in relation to foreign income and asset.—If a person,
being a resident other than not ordinarily resident in India within the meaning of clause (6) of section 6 of
the Income-tax Act, who is required to furnish a return of his income for any previous year, as required
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under sub-section (1) of section 139 of the Income-tax Act or by the provisos to that sub-section, and who
at any time during such previous year,—
(i) held any asset (including financial interest in any entity) located outside India as a beneficial
owner or otherwise; or
(ii) was a beneficiary of any asset (including financial interest in any entity) located outside India;
or
(iii) had any income from a source located outside India,
and fails to furnish such return before the end of the relevant assessment year, the Assessing Officer may
direct that such person shall pay, by way of penalty, a sum of ten lakh rupees:
Provided that this section shall not apply in respect of an asset, being one or more bank accounts
having an aggregate balance which does not exceed a value equivalent to five hundred thousand rupees at
any time during the previous year.
Explanation.—For determining the value equivalent in rupees of the balance in an account
maintained in foreign currency, the rate of exchange for calculation of the value in rupees shall be the
telegraphic transfer buying rate of such currency as on the date for which the value is to be determined as
adopted by the State Bank of India constituted under the State Bank of India Act, 1955 (23 of 1955).
43. Penalty for failure to furnish in return of income, an information or furnish inaccurate
particulars about an asset (including financial interest in any entity) located outside India.—If any
person, being a resident other than not ordinarily resident in India within the meaning of clause (6) of
section 6 of the Income-tax Act, who has furnished the return of income for any previous year under
sub-section (1) or sub-section (4) or sub-section (5) of section 139 of the said Act, fails to furnish any
information or furnishes inaccurate particulars in such return relating to any asset (including financial
interest in any entity) located outside India, held by him as a beneficial owner or otherwise, or in respect
of which he was a beneficiary, or relating to any income from a source located outside India, at any time
during such previous year, the Assessing Officer may direct that such person shall pay, by way of penalty,
a sum of ten lakh rupees:
Provided that this section shall not apply in respect of an asset, being one or more bank accounts
having an aggregate balance which does not exceed a value equivalent to five hundred thousand rupees at
any time during the previous year.
Explanation.—The value equivalent in rupees shall be determined in the manner provided in the
Explanation to section 42.
44. Penalty for default in payment of tax arrear.—(1) Every person who is an assessee in default,
or an assessee deemed to be in default, as the case may be, in making payment of tax, and in case of
continuing default by such assessee, he shall be liable to a penalty of an amount, equal to the amount of
tax arrear.
(2) An assessee shall not cease to be liable to any penalty under sub-section (1) merely by reason of
the fact that before the levy of such penalty he has paid the tax.
45. Penalty for other defaults.—(1) A person shall be liable to a penalty if he has, without
reasonable cause, failed to—
(a) answer any question put to him by a tax authority in the exercise of its powers under this Act;
(b) sign any statement made by him in the course of any proceedings under this Act which a tax
authority may legally require him to sign;
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(c) attend or produce books of account or documents at the place or time, if he is required to
attend or to give evidence or produce books of account or other documents, at certain place and time
in response to summons issued under section 8.
(2) The penalty referred to in sub-section (1) shall be a sum which shall not be less than fifty thousand
rupees but which may extend to two lakh rupees.
46. Procedure.—(1) The tax authority shall, for the purposes of imposing any penalty under this
Chapter, issue a notice to an assessee requiring him to show cause why the penalty should not be imposed
on him.
(2) The notice referred to in sub-section (1) shall be issued—
(a) during the pendency of any proceedings under this Act for the relevant previous year, in
respect of penalty referred to in section 41;
(b) within a period of three years from the end of the financial year in which the default is
committed, in respect of penalties referred to in section 45.
(3) No order imposing a penalty under this Chapter shall be made unless the assessee has been given
an opportunity of being heard.
(4) An order imposing a penalty under this Chapter shall be made with the approval of the Joint
Commissioner, if—
(a) the penalty exceeds one lakh rupees and the tax authority levying the penalty is in the rank of
Income-tax Officer; or
(b) the penalty exceeds five lakh rupees and the tax authority levying the penalty is in the rank of
Assistant Commissioner or Deputy Commissioner.
(5) Every order of penalty issued under this Chapter shall be accompanied by a notice of demand in
respect of the amount of penalty imposed and such notice of demand shall be deemed to be a notice under
section 13.
47. Bar of limitation for imposing penalty.—(1) No order imposing a penalty under this Chapter
shall be passed after the expiry of a period of one year from the end of the financial year in which the
notice for imposition of penalty is issued under section 46.
(2) An order imposing, or dropping the proceedings for imposition of, penalty under this Chapter may
be revised, or revived, as the case may be, on the basis of assessment of the undisclosed foreign income
and asset as revised after giving effect to the order of the Commissioner (Appeals), the Appellate
Tribunal, the High Court or the Supreme Court or order of revision under section 23 or section 24.
(3) An order revising or reviving the penalty under sub-section (2) shall not be passed after the expiry
of a period of six months from the end of the month in which order of the Commissioner (Appeals), the
Appellate Tribunal, the High Court or the Supreme Court is received by the Principal Chief
Commissioner or the Chief Commissioner or the Principal Commissioner or the Commissioner or the
order of revision under section 23 or section 24 is passed.
(4) In computing the period of limitation for the purposes of this section, the following time or period
shall not be included—
(a) the time taken in giving an opportunity to the assessee to be reheard under section 7; and
(b) any period during which a proceeding under this Chapter for the levy of penalty is stayed by
an order, or injunction, of any court.
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